嬰兒哭聲:激發你本能的保護欲 Why Can’t We Ignore a Crying Baby?

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	嬰兒哭聲:激發你本能的保護欲 Why Can’t We Ignore a Crying Baby? Why Can’t We Ignore a Crying Baby? #科學·科技 8/29 生活英語 作者 Enjoy Editors 閱讀時間 5分鐘 聽講解 聽朗讀 本圖文出處: MP3: 嬰兒哭聲:激發你本能的保護欲 Why Can’t We Ignore a Crying Baby? 當人類聽到嬰兒哭泣時他們都如何反應 目錄 / Tips in Use 重點解析 / You Can Do This 英文試金石 / 中文翻譯 探索科學｜本集 精彩教學影片（講解老師：Bruce & Antony 老師） How do humans always respond when they hear a baby cry?         Have you ever thought about why you can’t ignore a crying baby? You probably wanted to help but weren’t sure exactly what to do. A study has found that human brains respond strongly to a baby’s cries. This is true even if we don’t know the child. Human brains have developed to recognize the cries of babies as more important than those of adults.         Every grown human has this natural instinct. Crying babies cause a burst of activity in areas of the brain that are related to emotion and reward. From a biological angle, the cries are a warning that there may be danger nearby, such as a wild animal. This burst of brain activity serves as an alert system for humans to protect the young.         From a social angle, the cries encourage people to behave in a caring way and can help them build relationships with other adults. By helping a crying child, humans are emotionally satisfied and possibly gain praise from others. This suggests the safety and happiness of children is a basic shared concern, regardless of family connections. We can see the brain’s response to a baby crying as a key survival mechanism for humans. 單字片語整理 Words in Use ● see [si] vt. 明白； 探望；和……交往 vt. & vi. 看，看見 ● develop [dɪˋvɛləp] vi. & vt. （使）發展 ● response [rɪˋspɑns] n. 回應；回答；反應（與介詞 to 並用） ● angle [ˋæŋg!] n. 角度；觀點 ● ignore [ɪgˋnɔr] vt. 忽 / 無視；裝做沒看見，不理會 ● respond [rɪˋspɑnd] vi. 反應 vt. & vi. 回答 ● alert [əˋlɝt] n. 警戒 a. 警戒的 vt. 提醒 ● reward [rɪˋwɔrd] n. 報答，報償 vt. 報答，獎賞 ● satisfied [ˋsætɪs͵faɪd] satisfy的動詞過去式、過去分詞 ● warning [ˋwɔrnɪŋ] n. 警告 ● emotionally [ɪˋmoʃən!ɪ] adv. 感情上;情緒上 Practical Phrases ● see A as B 將 A 視為 B Joe sees his brother as his best friend. 喬視他哥哥為最好的朋友。 ● respond to 回答 / 應某事；對某事做出反應 I asked Katie a math question and she responded to it quickly. 我問凱蒂一個數學問題，她很快便回答我。 The patient responded well to the new medicine. 病人對新藥的反應良好。 ● a burst of... 一陣突發的⋯⋯ I heard a burst of crying from Haley's room. 我聽到海莉的房間突然傳來一陣哭聲。 ● from a / an... angle 從⋯⋯角度來看 From a public angle, this painting is quite beautiful. 從大眾的角度來看,這幅畫相當美麗。 Tips in Use 重點解析 ♦ wh- 疑問詞引導的名詞片語用法 本文第一段第二句: You probably wanted to help but weren’t sure exactly what to do. 在本句中，sure 後面省略了介詞 about，what to do 則為 名詞片語，作介詞 about 的受詞。 疑問詞 what、which、whom、when、where、how 之 後接不定詞片語(to V)時，形成名詞片語，可作主詞、 受詞，或在 be 動詞後作主詞補語用。 句型:wh- 疑問詞 + to + 原形動詞 1. 作主詞:由於名詞片語視作單一的個體，因此作主詞時之後接單數動詞。 例：Where to go next weekend has not been decided yet. 下週末去哪裡尚未決定。 2. 作及物動詞或介詞的受詞: 例：Jerry didn’t know what to buy for his girlfriend’s birthday. 傑瑞不知道該買什麼送女友當生日禮物。 例：Leo advised me on how to write an essay. 李歐針對如何寫論文給我建議。 3. 在 be 動詞後作主詞補語: 例：The main problem is when to start the program. 主要問題是什麼時候展開這項計畫。 You Can Do This 英文試金石 請依句意在空格內填入適當的字詞 ❶ 我給了一些建議，但珍妮卻置之不理。 I gave some advice, but Jenny __________ it. ❷ 麥克揮手，而我則以微笑回應。 Mike waved and I ___________ with a smile. ❸ 莉莉和安娜的友誼發展得很緩慢。 Lily’s friendship with Anna ___________ slowly. 答案：1. ignored 2. responded 3. developed 中文翻譯 當人類聽到嬰兒哭泣時他們都如何反應? 你有沒有曾經想過為什麼你無法忽視哭泣的嬰兒?你或許想幫 忙，但不確定到底該怎麼做。一項研究發現人類大腦對嬰兒哭聲有著 強烈的反應。即使我們不認識這個孩子也是如此。人類大腦發展成將 嬰兒哭聲認定為比成人哭聲還來得重要。 每一位成人都有這種自然的本能。哭泣的嬰兒會讓和情緒及獎賞 相關的大腦區域突然活躍起來。從生物學的角度來看，嬰兒哭聲是附 近可能有像野生動物等危險的一種警告。這種大腦突然活躍的反應是 人類保護幼兒的警報系統。 從社會性的角度來看，嬰兒哭聲鼓勵人們表現得充滿關愛並能幫 助他們和其他成人建立關係。藉由幫助一位在哭泣的小孩，人類能在 情感上獲得滿足並可能從他人那裡獲得稱讚。這顯示不論是否有親戚 關係，小孩的安全和幸福是大家基本的共同關注點。我們可以將大腦 對嬰兒哭聲的反應視為一個人類重要的生存機制。