標題: 全球人口突破 80 億 Global Population Hits 8 Billion [打印本頁] 作者: liu456 時間: 2023-4-1 09:39 標題: 全球人口突破 80 億 Global Population Hits 8 Billion [attach]84284[/attach]
Global Population Hits 8 Billion
#時事
3/15 解析英語
作者 Analytical Editors
閱讀時間 6分鐘
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全球人口突破 80 億 Global Population Hits 8 Billion
2022 年十一月，人類達成一項里程碑，就在那時全球 人口超過八十億。
目錄 / More to Learn / 中文翻譯(& 答案)
新聞英語
Humanity reached a milestone in November 2022, when the global population exceeded eight billion people. Reaching this number means people are living longer, with generally better access to healthcare, food, and sanitation than past generations.
Along with passing this milestone, many demographic changes are expected to occur in the coming years. A United Nations report shows that the world’s population will increase to around 9.7 billion people by the year 2050. It is predicted to peak three decades later at approximately 10.4 billion people and stay around this number until the end of the century. What’s interesting to note is that more than half of the population growth up to 2050 will come from just eight countries—the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Egypt, Ethiopia, India, Nigeria, Pakistan, the Philippines, and Tanzania.
Although the population is increasing, it isn’t climbing as quickly as in the past. 25 The global number has been growing at its slowest rate since the 1950s. In fact, the rate has been below 1% since 2020.
Furthermore, fertility rates have been steadily declining over the years. Around two-thirds of humanity lives in countries with fertility rates below 2.1 births per woman, which is the number needed to maintain a population.
Meanwhile, the share of the global population aged 65 and above is rapidly rising. It is predicted to rise from 10% in 2022 to 16% in 2050. Countries with aging populations should adapt their policies by establishing or improving universal healthcare and long-term care systems.
1. According to the passage, when is the global population supposed to reach its peak?
(A) 2022. (B) 2050. (C) 2080. (D) 2100.
2. Why is a fertility rate of 2.1 births per woman significant?
(A) It is the highest fertility rate ever recorded.
(B) It is the current global average fertility rate.
(C) It is the average fertility rate of the eight largest countries.
(D) It is the number of births a population needs to maintain itself.
3. What are governments in aging societies advised to do?
(A) Raise fertility rates.
(B) Better healthcare.
(C) Spend more on education.
(D) Pay medical costs for the elderly.
單字片語整理
Words in Use
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long-term [ˋlɔŋ͵tɝm]
adj. 長期的
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better [ˋbɛtɚ]
a. 普遍的，全宇宙的；全世界的
n. 眾人皆知的概念或特色
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predict [prɪˋdɪkt]
vt. 預測
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humanity [hjuˋmænətɪ]
n. 人類（總稱，不可數）；仁愛，慈悲
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access [ˋæksɛs]
n. （對人、地、物的）接近或使用的權利或門徑（與介詞 to 並用）
vt. 使用；（電腦）存取（資料）
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adapt [əˋdæpt]
.vt. & vi. （使）適應（與介詞 to 並用）
●
milestone [ˋmaɪl͵ston]
n. 里程碑
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democratic [͵dɛməˋkrætɪk]
a. 民主的；〔美〕民主黨的（大寫）
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fertility [fɝˋtɪlətɪ]
n. . 肥沃；生育力
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sanitation [͵sænəˋteʃən]
n. . 公共衛生系統（不可數）
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steadily [ˋstɛdəlɪ]
adv. 不斷地，漸漸地
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approximately [əˋprɑksəmɪtlɪ]
adv. 大約
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demographic [͵diməˋgræfɪk]
n. 族群
Practical Phrases
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along with 和……一起；還有……
= together with...
My camera was stolen, along with my cellphone.
我的相機連同手機一起被偷了。
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up to... 多達⋯⋯
The stadium is very large and can hold up to 60,000 people.
那間體育館很寬敞，可容納多達六萬人。
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at + one’s / a / an + Adj. + rate 以⋯⋯的速度
Sales of the popular new smartphone are increasing at a very fast rate.
那款熱賣的新型智慧型手機以非常快的速度增加銷量。
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a fertility rate 生育率（通常指一生中女性平均生育的孩子數）
More to Learn
republic [ rɪˋpʌblɪk ] n. 共和國/制(依法律選出國家執政者)
• The First French Republic ended with the declaration of the First French Empire in 1804.
1804 年宣布法蘭西第一帝國成立時，法蘭西第一共和國結束。
以下介紹表「政府、政權」的不同說法:
a. government [ ˋgʌvɚnmənt ] n. 政體(國家政治運作的方式);(國家/地方)政府
• Peter is an advocate of democratic government.
彼得是民主政體的倡導者。
• The local government has been promoting tourism in recent years.
近年來，當地政府一直在提倡觀光。
b. administration [ əd͵mɪnəˋstreʃənn ] n. 一任政府(尤指由總統領導的一任政府)
• The current president’s administration has been harshly criticized.
現任總統所帶領的政府被嚴厲批評。
c. regime [ rɪˋʒim ] n. 政權 (負面意涵，尤指未經公平選舉而掌權的政府)
• The military regime was overthrown.
該軍事政權被推翻。
d. democracy [ dɪˋmɑkrəsɪ ] n. 民主政體/治;民主國家
• Some countries evolved towards democracy after World War II.
二戰後，一些國家逐步邁向民主政體。
• After the king was brought down, the nation became a democracy.
在國王被推翻之後，那個國家就成為民主國家。
e. monarchy [ ˋmɑnɚkɪ ] n. 君主政體;君主制的國家
• The British monarchy lost all power in 1649 after the office of King was abolished.
在 1649 年國王職位被廢除後，英國君主政體失去 所有權力。
• In a monarchy, a king or queen rules the country.